Arterial compliance may be reduced by ingestion of red wine.
Fantin, Bulpitt, Zamboni, Cheek, Rajkumar.
Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effect of alcohol on blood pressure and arterial compliance over 24 h in a group of volunteers, comparing the same group of subjects on two consecutive but separate days, one with alcohol intake (alcohol day) and one free of alcohol (control day). We studied 18 healthy subjects (mean age 34.2 years, range 25-53). The subjects received the two days in random order. On the alcohol day, the subjects were asked to drink two glasses of red wine (12% ethanol) between 1830 hours and 0430 hours. Measurements of heart rate, blood pressure and QKD interval (Q wave to Korotkoff (K) sound, diastolic phase (D) using Diasys Integra (Novacor, France)) were recorded (usually 1500 hours to 1500 hours). Three 'ingestion' periods were defined, from 1500 hours to 1830 hours ('before'), 1900 hours to 0430 hours ('during') and from 0430 hours to the following afternoon ('after') on both the alcohol day and on the control day. Red wine increased heart rate during alcohol ingestion and reduced arterial compliance after ingestion. The significant effect of interaction between day and ingestion period on heart rate, diastolic blood pressure and QKD were found, suggesting that the differences in response among the ingestion periods depended on whether alcohol has been consumed that day. For the first time our study indicates the effect of alcohol on 24 h arterial stiffness in a healthy group of volunteers.
J Hum Hypertens. 2016 Jan;
Auscultatory and oscillometric methods of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, advantages and limits: a technical point of view.
Bonnafoux P
Abstract
Two methods of indirect blood pressure (BP) measurement are currently used for ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM): the auscultatory and oscillometric methods. The auscultatory method is based on the detection of Korotkoff sounds issued from the acoustic transudcer signal. Its main advantages are (1) similarities with usual clinical measurement of BP; and (2) accurate detection of systolic and diastolic pressures on the appearance and disappearance of sounds. The main disadvantages of this method are (1) artefacts due to movements; and (2) difficulties in signal analysis due to physiological variations of the Korotkoff sound patterns or poor signals. Difficulties can be overcome by appropriate signal processing (K2 recognition), noise rejection and/or ECG gating. This may allow relatively accurate BP measurement during mild exercise. With the oscillometric method, air volume variations in the cuff are detected during deflation. The maximum oscillation is related to the mean arterial pressure. The systolic and diastolic BP are determined by an algorithmic interpretation of the shape of oscillometric amplitudes as well as the heart rate. The main advantages are (1) possibility of BP measurement when the Korotkoff signal is poor; (2) measurement of the mean arterial BP; and (3) no need of a microphonic sensor. The main disadvantages are (1) some oscillometric curves are difficult to read accurately; (2) oscillometry is very sensitive to movements due to the bandwidth of the signals, so the arm must be immobile; and (3) the accuracy of the systolic and diastolic BP depends on the algorithm used. These two methods are complementary and should ideally be associated in the same device.
Blood Press Monit. 1996 Jun;
Ambulatory measurement of Korotkoff sounds timing (QKD interval) in a normal population.
Gosse P, Cailleau C, Barthélémy JC, Chevalier JM, Clémenty J.
Abstract
Ambulatory monitoring of Korotkoff sounds appearance time (QKD interval) was performed during 24 hours in 131 normal subjects (85 males, 46 females, aged 14-78 years, mean 36 +/- 15 years) with a new device (Diasys 200RK, Novacor-France). This device allows simultaneous measurements of blood pressure, heart rate and QKD interval at programmed intervals, every 15 minutes in this study. For each patient we calculated the average 24th QKD interval, the QKD interval for a systolic BP of 100 mmHg and a heart rate of 60 bt/min (QKD: 100-60), and the slope (S) of the variations of the QKD interval against systolic BP and pulse pressure (PP). Results are presented for each 10 years age group (mean +/- SD).
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1994 Aug;